Honye Bee (मौरी) र Silkworm रेसम (किरा):
Honey Bee and Silkworm are social insects. They belong to Arthropoda Phylum. The classification of Honey Bee and Silkworm are as follows.
मौरी र रेसम किरा सामाजिक जीव हुन्। यिनिहरु आर्थोपोडा फाइलममा पर्दछन्। यिनिहरुको बर्गिकरण निम्न छ ।
Kindgom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Example: Seri Silkworm –Bombyx mori
Eri Silkworm- Mattacus ricini
Characteristics: They have jointed appendages or legs. Body is divided into three parts, Heady thorax and abdomen. They have compound eyes and the vision is mosaic.
Silkworm:
Seri Silkworm feeds on mulbery leaves and Eri Silkworm feeds on leaves of castor and cassava (अडिर). The fertilization is internal.
The commercial rearing of silkworm is called Seri-culture.
Life Cycle of Silkworm:
The life cycle of silkworm consists of four stages viz, egg, larvae , pupa and adult.
Egg: Female silkworm lays eggs on the mulberry leaves around 300 at a time and dies. The eggs are very small in size and stay idle in cold temperature. As soon as the temperature reaches 18-25 degree Celsius, the larvae are hatched. Larva is developed in around 10- 12 days.
larvae: It is the most active and feeding age of the silkworm. It feeds a lot of mulberry leaves and walks a lot during the feeding. It secrets saliva and changes its skin four times staying stationary and do not eat anything for 24 hours which is called instar. Larva stage lasts for a month. At the last stage of instar, it rolls itself into the jelly secreted itself to form a silk rolled pupa-cocoon.
Pupa: It is the most inactive stage of the silkworm. It lasts for 12-14 days. It is called cocoon which is ready for silk to be obtained. This is the stage where we take the silk from the silkworm by immersing them into hot water by killing the pupa inside the cocoon. Some of the pupa are left alive for the reproduction further.
Adult: After the maturity of pupa, the cocoon is immersed into hot water and the silk is obtained. Some of the pupa are left alive for the reproduction of silkworm. The adult lives for about 6-7 days. The life cycle is completed in around 45 days.
Diagram: Curriculum Development Center CDC, Nepal.
Video source: Youtube
Silk is called the queen of the fiber because it is light, smooth, shiny and durable compared to artificial fiber.
Silk obtained from silkworm has high commercial values, is elastic and absorbs water readily, can be used in any seasons and is possible to color of any type.
Honey Bee :
Honey bee is also a social insect. They live in colony and share their works excellently.
Kindgom : Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Example: Honey Bee –Apis cerana, Apis melifera
The main type of honey bee that is reared in Nepal is the Apis cerana and Apis melifera. Honey bees are social insects because they live in colony and they maintain an excellent division of work.
The commercial rearing of honey bee is called Apiculture.
There are three types of Honey Bee namely,
- Queen
- worker
- Drone
The function of Queen is the regulate the group in colony of honey bees.
Queen: The queen is special is in structure, and is significantly distinguished from the drone and workers.
Drone:
Workers:
TEACHING-LEARNING MATERIALS FOR SCIENCE (अध्ययन-अध्यापन सहयोगी विज्ञान सामाग्रीहरु) 